Brotowali (tinospora crispa) extract-based anti-mosquito lotion: Effectiveness against malaria vector mosquitoes and a military pharmacy perspective.

Arsyadi; Andriningrum  Sarnoko; Zuliar Permana

doi:10.58524/jhep.v2i1.80

Authors

Arsyadi Republic of Indonesia Defense University Author
Andriningrum Sarnoko Pharmaceutical Institute of the Indonesia Navy Author
Zuliar Permana Indonesia Navy Health Center Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.58524/jhep.v2i1.80

Keywords:

Mosquito repellent, Natural lotion, Tinospora crispa, Topical formulation

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases remain a persistent health concern in tropical regions and pose operational challenges in field and military settings, highlighting the need for safe and effective repellent alternatives. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a natural mosquito repellent lotion formulated with Tinospora crispa stem extract. Ethanolic extracts were incorporated into oil-in-water lotion formulations at concentrations of 15% and 20%. The formulations were assessed for physical characteristics, pH, viscosity, homogeneity, microbiological quality, and mosquito repellency using an arm-in-cage bioassay. Both formulations demonstrated good physical stability, acceptable pH for topical use, and compliance with microbiological quality standards. The 20% extract lotion showed superior repellency, maintaining protection levels above 90% for up to six hours, whereas the 15% formulation provided a shorter duration of protection. These results indicate that Tinospora crispa extract-based lotion has promising potential as a plant-derived mosquito repellent for health and field applications.

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